Analytical Study of
Complications of Teenage Pregnancies
Dr. Bhagwan
Gamaji Ambhore1*, Dr. Kavita
Ambhore2
1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Community
Medicine, Dr. Ulhas Patil
Medical College, Jalgaon Khurd
(M.S.)
2Epidemiologist, HFWTC, Aurangabad (M.S.)
ABSTRACT:
109 (52.14%) mothers were found anemic while 49(23.44%)
cases were found suffering from hypertension.
4.31% complication each was noted in premature rupture of membrane and
CPD. Abnormal presentation was noted in 03.35% cases. The complications in
teenage pregnancy were found to more in rural in comparison to mothers of urban
areas. Thus, the authors reached to
the conclusion that more than 50 percent of teenage mothers were found
suffering from Anemia, which is a preventable condition by just consuming right
kind of food; hence, there is a great need for nutrition education. Similarly
about a quarter of teenage mothers were sufferings from hypertensive disorders,
which can also be minimized by restricting the salt intake.
KEYWORDS: Teen age mother, Complication, Abnormal presentation
INTRODUCTION:
The maternal age factor at either extreme of
reproductive years has an independent influence on relative risk. Since most of
these teen-age pregnancies are unplanned, antenatal care has frequently poor.
Complications are therefore not diagnosed or present late. Some complications are
common in teenage than in older women and higher risk of mortality is in
teenage pregnancy. These complications are hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,
obstructed labor, ante-partum hemorrhage, post-partum hemorrhage and anemia. By taking in to account the above
facts and as per recommendations of the World Health Organization (W.H.O.)
study group in 1957, that in order to get a comprehensive picture of a disease,
more and more such studies have to be carried out, Garg
Narenra K.(1) and Garg Narenra K. and Sharma A.B.(2), the authors have under taken
this study with the objective to analysis the common symptoms perceived by
working women.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
This was a descriptive, cross sectional study conducted
from 1st August to 31st July 2002. All sampled two
hundred nine(84 of urban and 125 from rural) teen age mothers delivered in Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj General Hospital,
Solapur (M.S.) were taken as sample. The mothers aged
10 to 19 years were considered teenage as per WHO criteria (3 and 4). Study
variables used –
·
Anemia
·
Hypertensive
disorders
·
PROM
·
CPD
·
Abnormal
presentation
·
APH
·
Multiple
pregnancies
·
Heart
diseases
·
H/O
Repeated abortions
OBSERVATIONS AND DISCUSSION:
On analysis of the collected data there were
109(52.15%) mothers suffering from anemia while 49(23.44%) hypertensive
(Table-I). 09(04.31%) mothers each were suffering from PROM, CPD and Multiple
pregnancies. Table further reveals that 08(03.83 %), 07(03.35%), 05(02.39%) and
04(01.91%) mothers were found suffering from APH, Abnormal presentation, Heart
diseases and H/O Repeated abortions respectively. The complications in teenage pregnancy were
found to be more in rural in comparison to mothers of urban areas.
Goswami B.K. and Goswami B.J (5)
found in their study that 32.3% were anemia, 15.75% toxemia of pregnancy and
4.12% of multiple pregnancies. Kale K.M.et al (6) noted in their study that
anemia, toxemia of pregnancy, PROM, CPD, Abnormal presentation, APH and
abortions were noted in 31.7, 9.8, 3.7, 1.6, 1.o, 0.3 and 0.2 percent teenage
mothers respectively while Konje J.C. et al (7)
observed 34.9, 8.6, 16.0, 1.9, 5.5, and 1.2 percent mothers found suffering
from anemia, toxemia of pregnancy, PROM, Abnormal presentation, APH and
abortions respectively. Pal A. et al (8) in their study noted only two
complications, anemia (27.5%) and toxemia (16.2%). An another researcher Patted
S. et al (9) come across from anemia (27.5%), toxemia of pregnancy (16.2%), PROM
(13.9%), Abnormal presentation (9.43%) and abortions (25.00%). This shows that
findings of the present study were more or less in accordance of the findings
of various studies conducted across the globe from time to time.
Table-I-Complications noted during pregnancies among
teen age mothers
|
SR. No. |
Complications |
Urban |
Rural |
Total |
|
1 |
Anaemia |
45 |
64 |
109(52.15) |
|
2 |
Hypertensive
Disorders |
20 |
29 |
49(23.44) |
|
3 |
PROM |
03 |
06 |
09(04.31) |
|
4 |
CPD |
05 |
04 |
09(04.31) |
|
5 |
Abnormal
presentation |
03 |
04 |
07(03.35) |
|
6 |
APH |
04 |
04 |
08(03.83) |
|
7 |
Multiple
pregnancies |
03 |
06 |
09(04.31) |
|
8 |
Heart diseases |
00 |
05 |
05(02.39) |
|
9 |
H/O repeated
abortions |
01 |
03 |
04(01.91) |
|
Total |
|
84 |
125 |
209(100.00) |
Figures in
parenthesis indicate percentage
CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
From above observations and discussion, the authors
reached to the conclusion that more than 50 percent of teenage mothers were found
suffering from Anemia, which is a preventable condition by just consuming right
kind of food, hence there is a great need for nutrition education. Similarly
about a quarter of teenage mothers were sufferings from hypertensive disorders,
which can also be minimized by restricting the salt in diet.
REFERENCES:
(1) Garg Narendra K.: Evaluation of the impact of emesis and emesis
plus purgation Therapy; Research J Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics:2 (2)
March-April;2010:201-202.
(2) Garg Narendra K and Sharma A.B. : Epidemiological profile of
patients attending a tertiary care hospital,Muktsar,Punjab
(India); Research J Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics:3 (6)
November-December;2011:311-317
(3) WHO, Bennial Report, 1996-97
(4) Atwood S. and J.J.Hussein;Adolescent
Motherhood: Priorities and next steps;J.of Fam.
Welfare:43(2):8,1997
(5) Goswami B.K. and Goswami
B.J.;Teen age Pregnancy in rural area;J.
of Obst.Gynaec.Ind.,28:767;1978
(6) Kale K.M.,Aswar N.R., Jogdand G.S.;Socio medical
correlates of teen age pregnancy;J.of
Obst.Gynaec.Ind.,46(1):180;1996
(7) Konje J.C.,Palmar
A.,Watson A.,Hay DM et al
;Early teenagepregnancy in Hull;Brt.J.of
Obst.Gynaec,99:969-73;1992
(8) Pal A.,Gupta K.,Randhwa
I.,Adolescent pregnancy: A high risk grouplJ. Of Ind. Med. Asso.,
95(5);127,1997
(9) Patted S.,Rao K., Ramkumaram
V.,Adolescent pregnancy;J.of
Obst. Gynaec.
Ind.,47(1):236:1997
Received on 07.03.2013
Modified on 10.04.2013
Accepted on 15.04.2013
© A&V Publication all right
reserved
Research J. Pharmacology and
Pharmacodynamics. 5(2): March–April 2013, 138-139